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WP2 DH report

Content 1.  Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 2  1.1.  Flexibility Definition ............................................................................................................. 2  1.2.  District Heating-Electricity Interface Fundamentals ............................................................. 3  1.3.  District Heating in the Nordic and Baltic Countries.............................................................. 5  1.4.  Problem Formulation and Report Structure ........................................................................ 7  2.  Previous Studies on Framework Conditions for Flexibility ........................................................ 8  2.1.  Framework Conditions for Combined Heat and Power ....................................................... 8  2.2.  P2H and Heat Storages as Flexibility Options .................................................................... 9  2.3.  Contradictory Policy Effects .............................................................................................. 10  2.4.  Summing Up: Takeaways from Previous Studies ............................................................. 10  3.  Methodology ........................................................................................................................... 11  3.1.  Definitions of Barriers and Drivers .................................................................................... 11  3.2.  Survey ............................................................................................................................... 12  4.  Framework Conditions ............................................................................................................ 14  4.1.  Combined Heat and Power ............................................................................................... 14  4.2.  Power to Heat ................................................................................................................... 16  4.3.  General Resources ........................................................................................................... 18  5.  Results: Drivers and Barriers for Flexibility in the District Heating-Electricity Interface ........... 22  5.1.  Country Profile: Denmark .................................................................................................. 23  5.2.  Country Profile: Estonia .................................................................................................... 26  5.3.  Country Profile: Finland .................................................................................................... 28  5.4.  Country Profile: Latvia ....................................................................................................... 30  5.5.  Country Profile: Lithuania .................................................................................................. 33  5.6.  Country Profile: Norway .................................................................................................... 36  5.7.  Country Profile: Sweden ................................................................................................... 38  6.  Comparative Analysis of Identified Drivers and Barriers for Flexibility .................................... 40  7.  Conclusion .............................................................................................................................. 47  8.  References ............................................................................................................................. 49  Appendix ........................................................................................................................................ 52  Literature on Flexibility Options .................................................................................................. 52  1


WP2 DH report
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